The study, conducted by researchers at the Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, in Dusseldorf, involved 20 healthy women ages 55 to 68 who were given 75 mg daily for 12 weeks. Skin fatigue, hydration and elasticity were assessed at the start and after six and 12 weeks. Also, biopsies were taken at the trial’s start and after 12 weeks to assess gene expression of HAS-1 and COL1A1 and COL1A2.

According to Medical News Today, the study found that Pycnogenol:

• Elevated COL1A1 by 29 percent and COL1A2 by 41 percent and increased hyaluronic acid production in the skin by 44 percent

• Enhanced skin elasticity by 25 percent and skin hydration by 8 percent

• Decreased skin fatigue considerably

• Reduced skin wrinkles by 3 percent and increased skin smoothness by 6 percent.

According to the study abstract, Pycnogenol supplementation was well-tolerated in all volunteers.

“This study provides skin-physiological and, for the first time, molecular evidence that Pycnogenol supplementation benefits human skin by increasing skin hydration and skin elasticity,” the authors concluded. “These effects are most likely due to an increased synthesis of extracellular matrix molecules such as hyaluronic acid and possibly collagen. Pycnogenol supplementation may thus be useful to counteract the clinical signs of skin aging.”

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While some are blessed and privileged to be happy with the nose they were born with, others feel endlessly cursed by the nose they were born into. The nose job owes much of it’s popularity to the fact that a person’s nose is the first thing that enters a room, it is the part of us closest to the person with whom we speak and it is where we are told to look when we want to make good eye contact. A symmetric or asymmetric nose can leave a long lasting impression much to the vexation or the elation of the person living behind it. Fortunately for those of us who are not 100% pleased with our own nose, surgical advances allow us to overcome genetics in hopes of representing physically the confidence we feel inside. With the helping hands of a skilled surgeon we can feel more comfortable in our own skin.

A good surgeon who has solid experience and a good reputation, like Dr. Philip J. Miller in New York, will do more than just tell you what he plans to do. A good surgeon will listen carefully to your wishes and concerns, and will make sure you understand what is possible in your specific situation, helping you form realistic expectations. If you are considering a nose job an attentive and skilled surgeon is paramount in order to achieve the results you hope for. Finding the best surgeon is perhaps the most important part of realizing the results you want for your nose.

Rhinoplasty is a blanket term for most procedures on the nose, which can address aesthetic issues like size, shape, length, width, symmetry, nostril shape, as well as functional issues such as speaking, and breathing difficulties. These procedures can be done in a number of ways and can be addressed differently by different surgeons.

Rhinoplasty is one of the most common and sought after cosmetic procedures on the market. Not only do hundreds of thousands of Americans undergo the procedure annually, but also an enormous number of foreigners travel to American soil seeking rhinoplasty in cities like New York and Los Angeles in a market that sets the global standard in plastic surgery.

Rhinoplasty in America has developed from what was once a standard procedure producing standard results, into an organic procedure that can be custom tailored to suit each individual’s desires with unbelievably accurate results. Because the procedure is now so common, the number of skilled surgeons has continued to grow and the methods continue to become more and more innovative and produce even better results because patients have come to expect and demand those results.

Rhinoplasty today is a far cry from the cookie cutter procedure it once was. And that is indeed fortunate since so many of us are now seeking improvement on the nose nature provided us.